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Key figures
27 %
read printed newspapers on an average day
| Per cent | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 2000 | 2018 | 2019 | |
| 1Includes streaming via Internet | ||||
| Printed newspapers | 84 | 77 | 30 | 27 |
| Television | 81 | 82 | 60 | 48 |
| Radio | 71 | 57 | 50 | 48 |
| Audio media | 43 | 50 | 51 | 55 |
| Weeklies | 21 | 17 | 5 | 4 |
| Books | 24 | 20 | 24 | 25 |
| Magazines | 18 | 14 | 6 | 7 |
| Cartoons | 11 | 9 | 3 | 3 |
| Video media1 | 10 | 10 | 37 | 43 |
| Internet | .. | 27 | 91 | 90 |
See selected tables from this statistics
Table 1
Usage of traditional and internet media an average day (9-79 years)
| 2019 | |
|---|---|
| Per cent | |
| 1The total figures of each type of medium are not a sum of the two subgroups. This is because some have used both subgroups (f.ex. both newspaper and internet paper) during the same day. | |
| Newspaper | 27 |
| Internet paper | 55 |
| Papers in total | 66 |
| Radio | 42 |
| Internet radio | 9 |
| Radio in total | 48 |
| Television | 42 |
| Internet TV | 11 |
| TV in total | 48 |
| Book | 25 |
| Electronic book | 3 |
| Books in total | 26 |
| Magazines, perodicals etc. | 7 |
| Internet magazines, perodicals etc. | 3 |
| Magazines in total | 3 |
| Weeklies | 4 |
| Internet weeklies | 1 |
| Weeklies in total | 4 |
| Cartoons | 3 |
| Internet cartoons | 1 |
| Cartoons in total | 3 |
About the statistics
The statistics give information about use of various mass media such as television, radio, newspapers, weeklies, cartoons, books, the internet, streaming, and access to these.
Definitions
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Not relevant
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Age
Persons are grouped by age at the end of the years in which the main part of the interviews was completed.
Region
The regions cover the following counties:
Oslo/Akershus
Rest of Østlandet: Østfold, Vestfold, Hedmark, Oppland, Buskerud and Telemark
Agder and Rogaland: Aust-Agder, Vest-Agder and Rogaland
Vestlandet: Hordaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Møre og Romsdal
Trøndelag: Sør-Trøndelag and Nord-Trøndelag
Nord-Norge: Nordland, Troms and Finnmark.
Area of residence
Persons are grouped as living in sparsely populated areas or in densely populated areas of different size. Sparsely populated area includes clusters of houses with less than 200 inhabitants in addition to scattered residence. A densely populated area is an area with 200 inhabitants or more where the distance between the houses - as a main rule - does not exceed 50 meters.
Family cycle phase
Persons are grouped mainly by age, marital status and whether the person has children. There is a distinction between singles and couples, where couple include both married and cohabitants. The concept single persons do not refer to persons living alone in the household.
The groups with children consist of persons living with their own child(ren) (including stepchildren and adopted children) aged 0-19 years in the household.
Total income for households
Income for households is the sum of employee, income from self-employment, property income and transfers received, before tax. In NOK.
Sosioeconomic status
The classification of occupation from 2000 i based on" Standard for yrkesklassifisering (NOS C 521).
Occupation group 1-2: (1) Administrative leaders and politicians, (2) Academic professions.
Occupation group 3: Occupation with shorter college and university education and technicians
Occupation group 4-5: (4) Office and customer service occupation, (5) Business, service and caretaking occupation
Occupation group 6-9: (6) Farming, forestry and fishery, (7) Craftsmen etc., (8) Process- and
machine operaterr and transport workers etc., (9) Occupation without any demand for education
In occupation 0: Military education and no registration, the rank and file are classified in education group 9, Officers 1 are classified in occupation group 3 and Officers 2 ar classified in occupation group 1-2 .
The classification is otherwise based on Standard for inndeling etter sosioøkonomisk status (Standard for norsk statistikk nr. 5). Socioeconomic status is calculated for the age group 16-79 years.
Education
Level of education is calculated on the basis of information about all-round education and vocational training. The classification is built on "Standard for utdanningsgruppering i offentlig norsk statistikk (Standarder for norsk statistikk nr. 7)".
Education is calculated for the age group 16-79 years. The following classification is used:
Primary and lower secondary education : Includes 1.- 10. class.
Upper secondary education : Includes secondary education 11.-13. class.
Tertiary education, short : Includes higher education four years or shorter.
Tertiary education, long : Includes higher education more than four years.
Administrative information
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Name: Norwegian media barometer
Topic: Culture and recreation
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Division for Education and Culture Statistics
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Representative for the country, numbers are given for region and degree of urban/rural area.
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Annually
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Not relevant
Background
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The aim has been to collect data from the population to measure use and penetration of mass media. This type of surveys was for the first time conducted in 1991 and has after that been followed up with minor changes. Earlier, Statistics Norway has conducted listening and viewing surveys for Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation since the latter part of the 1960s. There have also been some questions in the living condition surveys about culture use since the 1970s.
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Major users have been Ministry of Culture and the Norwegian Media Authority. It is the Norwegian Media Authority that is responsible for financing the survey through the annual Fiscal Budget. Institute for Journalism has used the data frequently and the data are much used among persons in the media profession.
The data are specially used to show who are the users of media and the development in this field from year to year.
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No external users have access to the statistics and analyses before they are published and accessible simultaneously for all users on ssb.no at 08:00 am. Prior to this, a minimum of three months' advance notice is given in the Statistics Release Calendar. This is one of Statistics Norway’s key principles for ensuring that all users are treated equally.
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The media use survey is an independent survey and can not be directly connected to other statistics.
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Volunteer
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None
Production
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The population is a representative sample of the Norwegian population at the age of 9-79 years. All persons who join the survey are interviewed about their media use and what kind of access they have for such offers. The interview for the mass media use survey lasts about 25 minutes.
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The media use survey is an independent survey. In the last surveys education and native country are connected from the education register and the population register.
For the survey a national representative sample is drawn, at the size from 2600 to 2800 persons at the age of 9-79 years. The net sample is slightly below 2000 persons.
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Telephone interview by CATI.
The data collection is made by use of computer-assisted interviews. Hence several procedures for electronic control of the registration of answers are included in the questionnaire. In some cases the interviewer get a "warning" when recording an answer, in other cases maximum values have been set beforehand that cannot be exceeded. Only valid answer categories are allowed.
The survey is based on answers from respondents an estimation is not made in connection with the answers.
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Not relevant
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All employees at Statistics Norway have professional secrecy. The survey is conducted under legal rules and Statistics Norway is subject to both the Norwegian data supervision and the internal safety deputy. It will never be known outside Statistics Norway what kind of answers the interview respondents have given to the questions.
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Comparability from 1991. In cases there is a deviation in comparability, it is mentioned in the publications.
Accuracy and reliability
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Variance
The uncertainty of the findings based only a part of the population is often called sampling variance. Standard deviation is a measure of this uncertainty. The size of standard deviation depends, among other factors, on the number of observation in the sample, and on the distribution of the current variable in the whole population.
Statistics Norway has not made exact calculations to compute standard deviation for the finding. However, in table 1, the approximate size of standard deviation is given for observed percentages.
To illustrate the uncertainty associated with a percentage, we can use an interval to give the level of the true value of an estimated quantity (the value obtained if making observation on the whole population instead of observation based on a part of the population). Such intervals are called confidence intervals if constructed in a special way. In this connection one can use the following method: let M be the estimated quantity, and S the estimate of standard deviation of M. The confidence interval will be an interval with limits (M - 2۰S) and (M + 2۰S).
This method will give, with approximately 95 per cent probability, an interval containing the true value.
The following example illustrates the use of table 1 for finding confidence intervals: The estimate of standard deviation of 70 percent is 2.5 when the estimate is based on 500 observations. The confidence interval for the true value has limits 70 ± 2·2.5, which means the interval, is from 65 to 75. Further, it is 95 per cent probability that the true value will be in the confidence interval, if the whole population had been into the survey.
Table a. Standard deviation in per cent
Number of observations
Per cent
5(95)
10(90)
15(85)
20(80)
25(75)
30(70)
35(65)
40(60)
45(55)
50(50)
50
3,8
5,2
6,2
6,9
7,5
7,9
8,3
8,5
8,6
8,7
75
3,1
4,2
5,1
5,7
6,1
6,5
6,8
6,9
7
7,1
100
2,7
3,7
4,4
4,9
5,3
5,6
5,8
6
6,1
6,1
150
2,2
3
3,6
4
4,3
4,6
4,8
4,9
5
5
200
1,9
2,6
3,1
3,5
3,8
4
4,1
4,2
4,3
4,3
250
1,7
2,3
2,8
3,1
3,4
3,6
3,7
3,8
3,9
3,9
300
1,5
2,1
2,5
2,8
3,1
3,2
3,4
3,5
3,5
3,5
400
1,3
1,8
2,2
2,5
2,7
2,8
2,9
3
3,1
3,1
600
1,1
1,5
1,8
2
2,2
2,3
2,4
2,5
2,5
2,5
800
0,9
1,3
1,6
1,7
1,9
2
2,1
2,1
2,2
2,2
1000
0,8
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,7
1,8
1,9
1,9
1,9
1,9
1500
0,7
1
1,1
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,5
1,6
1,6
1,6
2000
0,6
0,8
1
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,3
1,3
1,4
1,4
2500
0,5
0,7
0,9
1
1,1
1,1
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
3000
0,4
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
0,9
1
1
1
1
4000
0,4
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,8
0,9
0,9
1
1
1
Non-response
The response rate in the media use surveys has the later years been between 55 and 65 per cent. If non response varies between groups it may cause the sample to be biased, and the sample is no longer representative of the population that is examined. How biased the sample is will vary with the variable considered. For further information about bias because of non response in the different surveys, look at the publications for the different surveys.
The surveys cover the four months March, June, September and December and all days of the week. In order to correct for bias in these periods, the numbers in the tables are weighted so that all periods are counted equally much. The years where both mass media use and culture use are included in the survey, a double sample of children 9-15 years is used. In the tables this age group is weighted down to half value, for the sample to be in line with the real population.
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Not relevant
Contact
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Emma Schiro
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Emmie Stolpe Foss
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Elisabeth Haraldsrud